Congreso de la WEC 2008

Resumen de la Iniciativa de la Mitigación del cambio climático, según la concepción de Robert Socolow y colegas

Recomendamos tomarse el tiempo para ver completa la película que explicita la Iniciativa de las Cuñas de Estabilización del Cambio Climático, que es seguramente el gran tema del siglo XXI que nos toca vivir. Los cuadros de la película avanzan automáticamente dando el tiempo necesario para la lectura.

La Iniciativa de Mitigación de Carbono es un proyecto conjunto de la Universidad de Princeton y de la Compañía Ford Motor para encontrar las soluciones al problema del gas de invernadero. Para dar énfasis a la necesidad de acción temprana, los Codirectores Robert Socolow y Stephen Pacala de la Iniciativa de la Mitigación del Carbono crearon el concepto de cuñas de la estabilización. Han servido como base de presentaciones en Congresos Internacionales de la Energía donde el tema es de primer orden comparable sólo a lo inherente a disponibilidad de energía.

The Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change is a 700-page report released on October 30, 2006 by economist Lord Stern of Brentford for the British government, which discusses the effect of climate change and global warming on the world economy. Although not the first economic report on climate change, it is significant as the largest and most widely known and discussed report of its kind.[1]

The Review's executive summary states that "the Review first examines the evidence on the economic impacts of climate change itself, and explores the economics of stabilising greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The second half of the Review considers the complex policy challenges involved in managing the transition to a low-carbon economy and in ensuring that societies can adapt to the consequences of climate change that can no longer be avoided".[2] The most consequential criticisms are related to the low discount rate used to tackle this very long-term issue and the treatment of adaptation of future generations to a new global climate.[3]

Its main conclusion is that the benefits of strong, early action on climate change considerably outweigh the costs. It proposes that one percent of global gross domestic product (GDP) per annum is required to be invested in order to avoid the worst effects of climate change, and that failure to do so could risk global GDP being up to twenty percent lower than it otherwise might be. The Review states that climate change is the greatest and widest-ranging market failure ever seen, presenting a unique challenge for economics.[2]The Review provides prescriptions including environmental taxes to minimize the economic and social disruptions. It states, "our actions over the coming few decades could create risks of major disruption to economic and social activity, later in this century and in the next, on a scale similar to those associated with the great wars and the economic depression of the first half of the 20th century. And it will be difficult or impossible to reverse these changes. Tackling climate change is the pro-growth stragegy for the longer term and it can be done in a way that does not cap the aspirations for growth of rich or poor countries."[4][5] In June 2008 Stern increased the estimate to 2% of GDP to account for faster than expected climate change.[6]

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This file completes the Executive Summary of the Stern Report about Climate Chang.

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